July 4th is Independence Day in the United States. In this video, Tim Barrett talks about the events that lead up to the American Revolution.
Dia 04 de julho é o Dia da Independência dos Estados Unidos. Neste vídeo, Tim Barrett fala sobre os eventos que antecederam a Guerra da Revolução Americana.

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The Lead-Up to the American Revolution

Eventos que Antecederam a Guerra da Revolução Americana

FILL IN THE BLANKS (then see script with explanations below).
Preencha as lacunas (depois veja o script com explicações abaixo).

Next week (July 4th)  is Independence Day in the United States. I really enjoy history, and I thought you might like to learn a little bit about the history of my country and how the United States finally became independent from England.

It all began in the early part of the 18th century with the French-Indian War, which was ________ mainly in North America. The English-speaking settlers in the New World fought with England against France and the Native American Indians. The Indians joined in the battle against the British because they were afraid the British would _______  _______  their land. The British won and defeated the French and the war ended in 1763.

However, the war was very costly for the British crown, so the British Parliament decided to __________ the taxes of the American colonies to pay for the war efforts and ____________ to get money for the common good of all Englishmen.

The colonists were not permitted to elect delegates to the British Parliament where these taxes were voted upon, so they were being taxed by a body in which they had no _________ . This angered the colonists in America who had strong beliefs in the principle of “no taxation without ______________ ” – a principle which had been deeply embedded in the hearts and minds of all Englishmen ever since the signing of the Magna Carta centuries before.

The settlers reacted furiously to this, by ___________ many demonstrations and protests, and also by boycotting everything they had been buying from English traders – they would not buy their tea, clothes, glass, paper, and so on. Women even began to spin and weave their own ________ , though they had not done so in a long time.

Eventually, the British parliament ____________ most of those taxes, except for one – the tax on tea. This is when Americans began to drink coffee as an alternative to tea. There are letters from this period in which John Adams, one of the United States’ founding fathers, writes and says, “I hate coffee, but I am learning to drink it, because I will not drink tea as long as it is being taxed by the crown.” The British parliament was insistent on the tax on tea and began to ________  ______ any efforts to bring in tea that was not taxed, and they even began to punish the importation of alternative ____________ as well.

That is when colonists had the famous “Boston Tea Party” which _____________ the Englishmen. I’ll continue telling you about it next week.

SCRIPT WITH EXPLANATIONS AND TRANSLATIONS

Next week (July 4th)  is Independence Day in the United States. I really enjoy history, and I thought you might like to learn a little bit about the history of my country and how the United States finally became independent from England.

  • i really enjoy history = gosto muito de história
  • you might like to learn = talvez você possa gostar de aprender
  • a little bit = um pouquinho
  • country = país
  • became independent = se tornou independente

It all began in the early part of the 18th century with the French-Indian War, which was fought mainly in North America. The English-speaking settlers in the New World fought with England against France and the Native American Indians. The Indians joined in the battle against the British because they were afraid the British would take over their land. The British won and defeated the French and the war ended in 1763.

  • it all began = tudo começou
  • in the early part of the 18th century = na primeira parte do século 18
  • it was fought mainly in North America = foi travada princpalmente na América do Norte
  • english-speaking settlers = colonizadores que falavam inglês
  • new world = novo mundo
  • fought = lutaram
  • against = contra
  • the indians joined in the battle = os índios se ajuntaram à batalha
  • they were afraid = tinham medo
  • the british would take over their land = os britânicos iriam tomar posse de sua terra
  • won = venceram
  • defeated = derrotaram
  • the war ended = a guerra terminou

However, the war was very costly for the British crown, so the British Parliament decided to increase the taxes of the American colonies to pay for the war efforts and supposedly to get money for the common good of all Englishmen.

  • However = porém
  • the war was very costly = a guerra teve um custo muito alto
  • the british crown = a coroa britânica
  • increase the taxes = aumentar os impostos
  • to pay for the war efforts = para custear os esforços de guerra
  • supposedly = supostamente
  • get money = conseguir dinheiro
  • common good = bem comum
  • englishmen = inglêses

The colonists were not permitted to elect delegates to the British Parliament where these taxes were voted upon, so they were being taxed by a body in which they had no role. This angered the colonists in America who had strong beliefs in the principle of “no taxation without representation” – a principle which had been deeply embedded in the hearts and minds of all Englishmen ever since the signing of the Magna Carta centuries before.

  • the colonists were not permitted = os colônios não foram permitidos
  • elect delegates = eleger representantes
  • where these taxes were voted upon = onde esses impostos foram votados
  • they were being taxed = estavam sendo tributados
  • by a body = por um corpo (legislativo)
  • in which they had no role = no qual não tinham nenhum papel (nenhuma representação)
  • angered = irou
  • they had strong beliefs = eles tinham fortes crenças
  • principle = princípio
  • no taxation without representation = nenhum imposto sem representação
  • which had been = que tinha sido
  • (deeply) embedded = (profundamente) implantado
  • ever since = desde
  • the signing = a assinatura
  • Magna Carta = um documento de 1215 que limitou o poder dos monarcas da Inglaterra, especialmente o do Rei João, que o assinou, impedindo assim o exercício do poder absoluto. (Fonte: Wikipéida.com)
  • centuries before = séculos antes

The settlers reacted furiously to this, by staging many demonstrations and protests, and also by boycotting everything they had been buying from English traders – they would not buy their tea, clothes, glass, paper, and so on. Women even began to spin and weave their own cloth, though they had not done so in a long time.

  • settles = colonos
  • reacted = reagiram
  • staging demonstrations = organizando manifestações
  • boycotting = boicotando
  • everything they had been buying = tudo o que estavam comprando
  • English traders = comerciantes inglêses
  • tea = chá
  • clothes = roupas
  • glass = vidro
  • paper = papel
  • and so on = e assim por diante
  • spin and weave = fiar e tecer
  • cloth = tecido
  • though they had not done so = apesar de não terem feito isso
  • in a long time = há muito tempo

Eventually, the British parliament repealed most of those taxes, except for one – the tax on tea. This is when Americans began to drink coffee as an alternative to tea. There are letters from this period in which John Adams, one of the United States’ founding fathers, writes and says, “I hate coffee, but I am learning to drink it, because I will not drink tea as long as it is being taxed by the crown.” The British parliament was insistent on the tax on tea and began to stamp out any efforts to bring in tea that was not taxed, and they even began to punish the importation of alternative beverages as well.

  • eventually = finalmente
  • repealed = revogaram
  • taxes = impostos
  • except for one = a não ser um
  • tax on tea = imposto do chá
  • letters = cartas
  • in which = nas quais
  • founding fathers = pais fundadores
  • as long as = enquanto
  • it is being taxed = estiver sendo tributado
  • crown = coroa
  • was insistent = foram insistentes
  • stamp out = reprimir
  • efforts = esforços
  • bring in tea = trazer chá para dentro (do continente)
  • that was not taxed = não-tributado
  • they even began = até começaram a
  • punish = punir
  • importation = importação
  • alternative beverages = bebidas alternativas
  • as well = também

That is when colonists had the famous “Boston Tea Party” which infuriated the Englishmen. I’ll continue telling you about it next week.

  • infuriated = enfureceu

 

Watch the second part here:
História dos Estados Unidos – Eventos que Antecederam a Guerra da Revolução Americana (parte 2)

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